Reflection paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 47

Reflection paper - Essay Example a tourism manager in the future, I can devise better means and/or give travellers gadgets in which they can record their travelling experiences including taking photos and recording videos. The conversation presented in this article reflects to my personal travelling experiences, which can be used to formulate tourism management strategies in future. Heat-Moon ascertains that the American topography is diverse and thus travellers should try and visit the various types of American landscapes. Caputo adds that travelling in America is best experience, compared to other countries (Caputo and Heart-Moon, 2013). In the past two years, I have travelled across many parts of the country and I have seen that America is gifted with a wide range of landscapes. The deserts in New Mexico and mountains in Arizona are incredibly unique and outstanding, compared to other parts of the world. As you travel, you will meet different people who will change your worldviews and perspectives. As Caputo recounts, I can argue that that travelling in America exposes you to different types of â€Å"social landscapes.† The conversation brings forth the aspect of different characteristics of a tourist and a traveller. When you plan to visit places as a tourist, you often use the main roads and superhighways, as Caputo recounts (Caputo and Heart-Moon, 2013). His colleague adds that a tourist will never use the back roads like the travellers. In the past, my personal travels were not that enjoyable because most of the times we used the main roads. However, when I changed my travel plans and became a traveller, I enjoyed the diverse American landscapes and people. Therefore, it’s much better to become a traveller rather than a tourist who is always on time budgets and visits specific places. Keeping record helps in deepening the experiences when you share them with your friends and family. Based on the conversation and my personal travelling experience, I can advise tourism managers with means

Cool Quest Video and Reflection Essay Example for Free

Cool Quest Video and Reflection Essay Psychology could influence consumer behavior in many ways. Based on the video, I learned that the brain responds accordingly to what one perceives as â€Å"cool†. With that being said, I’m pretty sure that there are studies that gear towards tis feature of the mind. And companies like Apple use these studies when inventing their newest products. For example, technology has evolved immensely in recent years. When Apple began inventing their latest IPhone, I’m pretty sure that they thought about what would appeal to their consumers. And I’m positive that psychology had a huge impact on their decisions. In my opinion, there a lot of other areas of society that could be impacted by psychology. Such areas influenced are career choices, fashion, and social habits like drinking and smoking to name a few. All of these societal aspects described can be influenced by different areas of the mind. And we all know that in general today’s societies seek to be accepted by all. I know for me the nature versus nurture theory is a huge influence on different aspects of my life. I was raised by a single parent in a poverty stricken neighborhood. My mother didn’t graduate high school. So education is big for me, which would lead to a better career choice. What is fashionably acceptable or not can be related to the video because everyone has a different perception of what is cool or not.

An Explication of Washing Day :: Washing Day

An Explication of Washing Day One Source Cited The poem Washing Day by Anna Letitia Barbauld illustrates two different points of view of the events that are happening on washing day. The first view is how the people surrounding the author feel towards the chores to be done that day. The second is the view from the author when she was a child, observing all that is happening. The idea of the poem is to bring to the reader's attention the joy and innocence of childhood, while at the same time noting the importance of the events of the day. The author accomplishes this by her choice of words used to describe the various tasks. As soon as the poem begins, the reader detects a feeling of melancholy. The opening line "The Muses are turned gossips" immediately creates a negative tone. Muses (inspirations) are usually thought of as being good and uplifting, here they are being turned into something that is generally thought of as being bad. As the poem continues, a sense of sarcasm can be detected at the end of the author's reference to this day. She details the way the women ("domestic Muse") come from where they live in a most woeful way "prattling on" and going by mud where there are drowning flies and an old shoe. Then she ends this section by saying, "Come, Muse; and sing the dreaded Washing-Day." If something is dreaded, a person is not going to be singing about it, even though the men would probably like to see that. The description of marriage in the next line is interestingly negative. " Beneath the yoke of wedlock bend,..." a yoke is put on an ox which is a beast of burden! I suppose the w omen feel exactly this way because they seem to have no choice in the matter. As the women are getting ready the sky looks as though it is going to rain, which makes the task even worse. Barbauld's description of the attitude at the breakfast table continues the melancholy. She uses the word "silent" and "dispatched" to depict breakfast, words that are not associated with an enjoyable meal (line 19). The next few lines illustrate the effect of the rain on such a day.

Many Cultures, One Place #2 :: Essays Papers

Many Cultures, One Place #2 In modern time, numerous people have the idea that all the countries in the world can be united as one. However, they do not comprehend completely that there exists many differences in terms of political and cultural structures that do not allow countries to act as one. In the article: One Europe, Two Citizens by Pavel Kelly-Tychtl, the author tries to make the audience understand that having numerous countries together acting as one, like the European Union EUROPA - The EU at a glance is not the best way possible to solve the problems that our society has because eventually it will generate more because of the huge gap that these countries have in relation to each other. According to the author of this article, the only purpose that the European Union has is to generate discontent between their citizens and also to affect the political and economical structures that have already been created before by those governments. The structure that the European Union has is not the proper system to enforce around countries in the world because it limits the power of each country depending the characteristics that each of them have. The European Union is a group of countries that their main purpose is to act as one nation. With this focus on mind, they want to create between these groups of countries the same qualities and characteristics so that they can have the best governmental system ever (Squeezing 22 ) Among the things that the European Union shares in common are: common currency (Euro), borders (it is easier to pass from one country to another), parliament (same laws or rules) Accessing European Union Information, free trade (safe economy), and so on. In present time, this union is composed of fifteen countries. However, the European Union is looking forward that other countries will join them, and they already invited other ten countries to be with them. Many politicians agree that the European Union is an excellent example of how governments should work because it is very well organized (One Europe 30) However, with the ideas given by the author in this paper the audience can clearly see that the o nly thing that the European Union can produce is differences between people around the world. There exist a similarity between the European Union and the United States; they both are seen as one place, one nation, and one country. Many Cultures, One Place #2 :: Essays Papers Many Cultures, One Place #2 In modern time, numerous people have the idea that all the countries in the world can be united as one. However, they do not comprehend completely that there exists many differences in terms of political and cultural structures that do not allow countries to act as one. In the article: One Europe, Two Citizens by Pavel Kelly-Tychtl, the author tries to make the audience understand that having numerous countries together acting as one, like the European Union EUROPA - The EU at a glance is not the best way possible to solve the problems that our society has because eventually it will generate more because of the huge gap that these countries have in relation to each other. According to the author of this article, the only purpose that the European Union has is to generate discontent between their citizens and also to affect the political and economical structures that have already been created before by those governments. The structure that the European Union has is not the proper system to enforce around countries in the world because it limits the power of each country depending the characteristics that each of them have. The European Union is a group of countries that their main purpose is to act as one nation. With this focus on mind, they want to create between these groups of countries the same qualities and characteristics so that they can have the best governmental system ever (Squeezing 22 ) Among the things that the European Union shares in common are: common currency (Euro), borders (it is easier to pass from one country to another), parliament (same laws or rules) Accessing European Union Information, free trade (safe economy), and so on. In present time, this union is composed of fifteen countries. However, the European Union is looking forward that other countries will join them, and they already invited other ten countries to be with them. Many politicians agree that the European Union is an excellent example of how governments should work because it is very well organized (One Europe 30) However, with the ideas given by the author in this paper the audience can clearly see that the o nly thing that the European Union can produce is differences between people around the world. There exist a similarity between the European Union and the United States; they both are seen as one place, one nation, and one country.

Fires of Jubilee- Nat Turner’s Fierce Rebellion

August 21, 1861 proved to be a day of sorrow, pain and lessons learned. The Fires of Jubilee is a historical account of the events that led to the bloodiest slave rebellion in southern history. Nat Turner is painted as a fairly intelligent and prophetic slave who believed he was chosen to free his people from their slave bondage. Nat’s rebellion last almost two whole days before being halted by militia men from the state of North Carolina, leaving upwards of 50 whites murdered in the aftermath. Although it took some time to fully accomplish, the rebellion of Nat Turner ultimately led to the freeing of the slaves some years later.The history of the south and slaves was forever changed by the events of the rebellion. Nat Turner’s name will forever be a symbol of black terror and violet retribution and at the same time, a legendary black hero. In the Old South, it was understood that Christianity was not only used to save heathen souls, but also to keep the slaves suppress ed and kept them from striking back against their masters. (Page 14) Southern white slave owners would pick and choose only certain bible lessons for the slaves to be shown.The owners felt that by restricting the knowledge of the slaves, they would be able to keep them inhibited. Words of the bible were twisted to mean different things to the slave population. Slaves were told that if they did not obey their masters and perform their allotted tasks that God would burn them in the flames of an eternal hell. To be good children of God the slaves were to accept their lot, be meek and faithful, patient and submissive, even if their masters were cruel. Slaves were taught to leave it to God to punish.And if they behaved great would be their reward in heaven. Page 14) Nat Turner was a very special slave. From a very young age it was obvious that Nat was intelligent and others around him knew it. People around Nat always thought he would grow up to be a prophet. â€Å"He was like a powerfu l angel whose wings were nailed to the floor. † (Page 69) As Nat grew older he also grew in his faith, he believed himself to be in full favor of God. He prayed daily and spent time in devotion and fasting to his heavenly father. In an attempt to gain more following Nat performed a baptism in the river of a white man.The result was not as he hoped, however it only helped to push him closer to his God. Nat began having visions for a time before the rebellion came into full plan. His visions were often bloody and violent, being described as blacks and whites fighting in battled under a darkened sky while thunder rolled in the heavens. Rivers of blood flowed free about and voices spoke from heaven saying â€Å"Such is your luck, such you are called to see, and let it come rough or smooth, you must surely bare it. † Nat was captivated by these visions and prayed fervently for a revelation.After some time had passed, the Spirit called out to Nat from the heavens saying †Å"Behold me as I stand in the heavens. † Nat looked up and saw the saviors hands stretched forth from east to west, even as they were on the cross on Calvary for the redemption of sinners. † (Page 36) Slave owners and others around town either passed Nat off as crazy or simply did not bother to believe him because he was not an ordained minister. In his own way, Nat was one of the most renowned prophets of his day. He was revered and trusted by many fellow slaves.Nat also claimed to have powers of healing and such. Several men became close confidents of Nat. He had full trust and confidence in his â€Å"lieutenants† as he called them. Four men Hark Travis, Nelson Williams, Jack Reese and Sam Edwards were Nat’s leading men in the rebellion. They were responsible for many things but spent a lot of time spreading discontent within the slave communities keeping them ready and on edge at any moment for the rebellion to begin. Nat’s lieutenants did not kno w a specific plan; he was quite secretive about the dates and details surrounding the rebellion.One of Nat’s visions gave him the final push he needed to bring the plan into full swing. At one point, a black spot appeared on the surface of the sun, for Nat this symbolized a black hand over the sun. This was his sign that God wanted him to rise up against his white enemies. Jehovah was commanding Nat to rise and move. Nat’s trusted generals stayed by his side as this revolt happened without warning. The violence raged on for more than twenty four hours. Many were left dead and dismembered in the aftermath.The consequences of the rebellion were very well known in the state and county. Immediate consequences were obviously the lost lives of the fifty-something whites. Many other slaves lost their lives as the militia began to fight and shut down Nat’s group. The entire county and state was on alert for any suspicious activity coming from any slaves. There was no wa y to tell if this was just the beginning or the ending. Rumors spread quickly throughout the state that Nat’s rebellion was only the beginning and that many other slaves outside of his county were planning to revolt as well.These rumors proved to not be true, but because the residents of the state were on high alert, many innocent, free blacks and slaves were killed simply for being suspicious. There were trials and hangings publicly in Virginia and North Carolina. The lives lost due to this rebellion went far beyond the men and women killed on the first two days by Nat and his crew. Eventually abolitionists were blamed for the rebellion because of their provocative material on flyers and in articles that were in circulation. Many whites believed that the reason for Nat’s rebellion was because of said flyers.No evidence has ever been found showing knowledge of the flyers being associated with Nat. It has come to be known that the true reason is because of Nat’s visions and callings from God; however whites did not want to believe that their God would allow this to happen. On a nationwide level the consequences began to affect many in the north as well. Abolitionists were to blame for all of these problems according to southern whites. Some of the more famous ones such as William Lloyd Garrison and Issac Knapp boldly stated that slaves should be freed immediately.They were believers that â€Å"Negros deserved life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness just like white people. † (Page 129) Many southerners did not agree with the abolitionists’ standings on slavery, in fact a vigilance association in South Carolina offered a $1,500 reward for any agitator convicted of distributing any of the abolitionist flyers or documents. No matter what anyone said, Southerners became increasingly anxious after the rebellion looking for someone to blame for Nat’s stand other than themselves. Things became increasingly hostile towards ab olitionists in the weeks and months after Nat’s revolt.Many in the south blamed the â€Å"Yankees† and made it difficult for people to express freedom of speech. (Page 135) Liberation of the slaves seem to be the only way to guarantee no further uprisings or revolts from the slaves but it was not easy to convince all of the whites of that. After all, they still had much work to be done on their farms and other items needed tending to on their plantations. Many southerners increasingly proclaimed that slavery was an institution and a positive and unequivocal good, condoned by the bible and ordained by God from the beginning of time. Page 143)A senator from Washington, John C. Calhoun made several statements on the subject of slavery. He went on to justify slavery on historical grounds insisting that â€Å"there never has yet existed a wealthy and civilized society in which one portion of the community did not, in point of fact, live on the labor of the other. † ( Page 143) There were many other reasons for not immediately freeing the slaves, on a nationwide level, many in the north were afraid that a radical freeing would cause a rush of newly free African Americans to rush into northern states.Much research and planning was put into the writing of The Fires of Jubilee. Reading the book it is hard to get a feel for exactly what Stephen B. Oates feelings are on slavery and the rebellion. This book has forever changed my opinion on slavery. I have studied about slavery as much as any other college student that is not a history major. Before reading this book, I knew and understood basic events leading up to the emancipation proclamation. This story seems so personal. You really get to know Nat on a personal level.As a Christian myself, I can relate with Nat on wanting to be close to God. I have never had a prophetic vision but I believe it when others tell me of their experiences. I do not feel Nat was right by revolting the way he did but the n again, I have never been in his shoes being suppressed by others around me. Nat was a very strong, god fearing man and I believe he felt his revolt was the only way to bring attention to the problem of slavery. Stephen B. Oates does a wonderful job with his descriptions in the novel.The work is very vivid and I can almost see the pictures in my head playing out like a movie, especially when Nat’s visions are described. I especially liked the ending chapter in the book when Stephen discusses his trip to the 1973 version of Southampton County. Reading his details makes me want to take a road trip just to see the things he seen for myself. I am not sure what would still be standing over 40 years after this book was written but it seems to be worth the trip. This book has given me a new opinion on slavery and how it affected the world that we live in today.I was not expecting to have such a different view on slavery and oppression at the beginning of this reading assignment. Th e story was quite touching even though there were parts that could have been avoided. Nat Turner will be a name I never forget when it comes to slavery. We still have lasting affects in today’s society of slavery. Even though most of the modern day African Americans that exist in my life did not have to deal with slavery, I can understand how they may still be affected by the idea of it.

Asian American Experience Essay Example

Asian American Experience Essay Example Asian American Experience Essay Asian American Experience Essay Bill Ong Hing tries to discover the different ethnicities and their relation to being identified as Asian American. Bill Ong Hing remarks: â€Å"To many, then, the concept of Asian American identity may not involve a new cultural identity. Rather, it might properly be viewed as a means of achieving political integration. † There have been numerous accounts where these Asian Americans identify themselves as Chinese, Japanese, and other nationalities rather than Asian. I can recall identifying myself as an Asian American because of the Caucasian environment I grew up in. However, the people who grew up in a Taiwanese community identify themselves as Taiwanese or Chinese, rarely would they identify themselves as Asian because they do not feel an affinity with the other nationalities. The complexity of the Asian American identity demonstrates the need for a deeper understanding of the sophistication and its continuing evolution. Asian Americans tend to switch identities depending on the situation. Is the Asian American identity defined by the cultures and customs or for the political mobilization purposes? The majority tends to believe that there is not a common cultural identity established among the Asian Americans, but there is a common means of achieving political integration. As Bill Ong Hing states, â€Å"the persistence of Chinatowns, Filipino American suburbs, and Vietnamese business pockets promotes intra-community mobilization. Thus it is extremely difficult to integrate our cultures since the immigrants tend to flock to these towns instead of integrating with society. They find it easier to identify themselves easier with their nationalities than as an Asian American. However, for the purpose of political mobilization, they understand the need to identify as Asian American in order to persevere within society. These are the stories of our founding fathers. However the Asian American history fails to land in the history textbooks. They only make a passing notice of Asian Americans altogether. As Tagaki asserts, â€Å"When one hears stories about the pioneers going West to shape the land, the Asian immigrant is rarely mentioned. † The constant unfair treatment by the employers, the social pressures forcing the Asian Americans to exclude themselves from society, the government continual institution of racial and discriminatory policies has been glanced over by the historians. We need to create a â€Å"rev-vision† history to include Asians in the history of America. America has proclaimed to be the melting pot, a nation of immigrants. Yet coming from Asia, these immigrants were not accepted with open arms. They were seen as â€Å"aliens† invading their land and jobs, and even their great-grandchildren still find that they are considered â€Å"aliens† and not accepted as Americans. There has been a remarkable situation with Senator Daniel Inouye who became a target of racial slurs during a scandal. They wanted him to return back home to Japan even though Senator Inouye was born in America and was awarded a Distinguished Service Cross for his valor as an American soldier during World War II. Even when an Asian American would serve in the army and die as an American, society continued to mark Asians as aliens and foreigners. These are the reasons why there is a need to establish an identity as an Asian American. With a strong political identity, society would be able to understand that Asian Americans are indeed part of their society. Instead of being judged by the character and merit of a person, our skin complexion brought judgment from society as a whole. The history of Asia America has been shaped by the continual struggle to be accepted by society. Our forefathers came to America seeking an opportunity to succeed and create better lives for their families and relatives. These men strived to break down the racial barriers, while facing persecution from the â€Å"whites† and burdens of institutionalized racist policies from the government. They never complained about the dual wage system, being paid less than their counterparts, and yet they still were shunned from the labor markets. However, our forefathers continued to fight to establish a life in America, whether it was establishing their own Laundromat or their own restaurant. Even to this day, we have faced many types of discrimination, and even when we continue to work hard and have this American life, society still label us as â€Å"aliens. † Furthermore, with the integration of Asia America, we will continue to fight for our way of life and force society to recognize us as one of the groups of America. We will continue to create new history of our struggles as we pass these stories down generation to generation.

Free Essays on The Hapsburg Dilema

The European Political arena in 1500s to 1650 was full of religious, political and domination wars. At the beginning of the 1500’s Spain was one of the most powerful, influential nations in Europe. The Spanish had colonies in South America ( Mexico) and they supplied the Hapsburg Empire with gold and silver. The Hapsburg Empire was situated in Spain, Austria, parts of Netherlands and held a lot of influence in MittleEuropa . The Hapsburg’s had the largest, most technologically advanced , well equipped standing army in all of Europe. The Spanish were economically powerful and most importantly they were hard-core Catholics. At the beginning of the 1500’s France was a Protestant nation, which had a mediocre army and medium economy. The French Protestants were called Huguenots. France was military and economically weaker than Catholic Spain. The French resented being under Spanish influence and this resentment led to a series of wars and confrontations between the two countries. The English were largely an isolated community who were busy consolidating their power while the French and Spanish fought for control of northern Italy. The English were Anglican and would be sympathetic towards their fellow Protestants in Europe when the drums of war would begin to beat. MittleEuropa was a piece of land where the north was Protestant and the south was Catholic. This land was at a constant state of ‘civil war’ and it would be this place, which would draw the central European powers into a serious of bloody wars. The Catholic Church in that time had a lot of influence in Catholic nations. The Pope was the head of the Church and he was suppose to be ‘ advisor’ to the Holy Roman Emperor. The Pope was very well skilled at ‘flaming the fires of Catholic intolerance’ towards The Holy Roman Emperor who in turn would lead religious and political wars against Protestants. The Netherlands were under the rule of t... Free Essays on The Hapsburg Dilema Free Essays on The Hapsburg Dilema The European Political arena in 1500s to 1650 was full of religious, political and domination wars. At the beginning of the 1500’s Spain was one of the most powerful, influential nations in Europe. The Spanish had colonies in South America ( Mexico) and they supplied the Hapsburg Empire with gold and silver. The Hapsburg Empire was situated in Spain, Austria, parts of Netherlands and held a lot of influence in MittleEuropa . The Hapsburg’s had the largest, most technologically advanced , well equipped standing army in all of Europe. The Spanish were economically powerful and most importantly they were hard-core Catholics. At the beginning of the 1500’s France was a Protestant nation, which had a mediocre army and medium economy. The French Protestants were called Huguenots. France was military and economically weaker than Catholic Spain. The French resented being under Spanish influence and this resentment led to a series of wars and confrontations between the two countries. The English were largely an isolated community who were busy consolidating their power while the French and Spanish fought for control of northern Italy. The English were Anglican and would be sympathetic towards their fellow Protestants in Europe when the drums of war would begin to beat. MittleEuropa was a piece of land where the north was Protestant and the south was Catholic. This land was at a constant state of ‘civil war’ and it would be this place, which would draw the central European powers into a serious of bloody wars. The Catholic Church in that time had a lot of influence in Catholic nations. The Pope was the head of the Church and he was suppose to be ‘ advisor’ to the Holy Roman Emperor. The Pope was very well skilled at ‘flaming the fires of Catholic intolerance’ towards The Holy Roman Emperor who in turn would lead religious and political wars against Protestants. The Netherlands were under the rule of t...

10 Argon Facts - Ar or Atomic Number 18

10 Argon Facts - Ar or Atomic Number 18 Argon is atomic number 18 on the periodic table, with the element symbol Ar. Here is a collection of useful and interesting argon element facts. 10 Argon Facts Argon is a colorless, flavorless, odorless noble gas. Unlike some other gases, it remains colorless even in liquid and solid form. It is nonflammable and nontoxic. However, since argon is 38% more dense than air, it present an asphyxiation risk because it can displace oxygenated air in enclosed spaces.The element symbol for argon used to be A. In 1957, the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) changed argons symbol to Ar and mendeleviums symbol from Mv to Md.Argon was the first discovered noble gas. Henry Cavendish had suspected the elements existence in 1785 from his examination of samples of air.  Independent research by H.F. Newall and W.N. Hartley in 1882 revealed a spectral line that could not be assigned to any known element.  The element was isolated and officially discovered in air by Lord Rayleigh and William Ramsay in 1894. Rayleigh and Ramsay removed the nitrogen, oxygen, water, and carbon dioxide and examined the remaining gas. Although other eleme nts were present in the residue of air, they accounted for very little of the total mass of the sample. The element name argon comes from the Greek word argos, which means inactive. This refers to the elements resistance to forming chemical bonds.Argon is considered to be chemically inert at room temperature and pressure.Most of the argon on Earth comes from the radioactive decay of potassium-40 into argon-40. Over 99% of the argon on earth consists of the isotope Ar-40.The most abundant isotope of argon in the universe is argon-36, which is made when stars with a mass about 11 times greater than the Sun are in their silicon-burning phase. In this phase, an alpha particle (helium nucleus) is added to a silicon-32 nucleus to make sulfur-34, which adds an alpha particle to become argon-36. Some of the argon-36 adds an alpha particle to become calcium-40. In the universe, argon is quite rare.Argon is the most abundant noble gas. It accounts for about 0.94% of the Earths atmosphere and about 1.6% of the Martian atmosphere. The thin atmosphere of the planet Mercury is about 70% argon.  No t counting water vapor, argon is the third most abundant gas in the Earths atmosphere, after nitrogen and oxygen. It is produced from fractional distillation of liquid air. In all cases, the most abundant isotope of argon on the planets is Ar-40. Argon has many uses. Its found in laser, plasma balls, light bulbs, rocket propellant, and glow tubes. Its used as a protective gas for welding, storing sensitive chemicals, and protecting materials. Sometimes pressurized argon is used as a propellant in aerosol cans. Argon-39 radioisotope dating is used to date the age of ground water and ice core samples. Liquid argon is used in cryosurgery, to destroy cancerous tissue. Argon plasma beams and laser beams are also used in medicine. Argon may be used to make a breathing mix called Argox to help remove dissolved nitrogen from the blood during decompression, as from deep-sea diving. Liquid argon is used in scientific experiments, including neutrino experiments and dark matter searches. Although argon is an abundant element, it has no known biological functions.Argon emits a blue-violet glow when it is excited. Argon lasers exhibit a characteristic blue-green glow.Because noble gas atoms have a complete valence electron shell, they are not very reactive. Argon does not readily form compounds. No stable compounds are known at room temperature and pressure, although argon fluorohydride (HArF) has been observed at temperatures below 17K. Argon forms clathrates with water. Ions, such as ArH, and complexes in the excited state, such as ArF, have been seen. Scientists predict stable argon compounds should exist, although they have not yet been synthesized. Argon Atomic Data Name Argon Symbol Ar Atomic Number 18 Atomic Mass 39.948 Melting Point 83.81 K (189.34 C, 308.81 F) Boiling Point 87.302 K (185.848 C, 302.526 F) Density 1.784 grams per cubic centimeter Phase gas Element Group noble gas, group 18 Element Period 3 Oxidation Number 0 Approximate Cost 50 cents for 100 grams Electron Configuration 1s22s22p63s23p6 Crystal Structure face-entered cubic (fcc) Phase at STP gas Oxidation State 0 Electronegativity no value on the Pauling scale Bonus Argon Joke Why dont I tell chemistry jokes? All the good ones argon!

Fashion and style Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Fashion and style - Essay Example The essay "Fashion and style" talks about fashion and different styles. Women began to use dresses to express their identity. â€Å"Fashion and style may be regarded as expressive or oppressive, but nobody could argue that fashion reflects expression of woman’s identity, creativity and sensuality, and is connected to a sense of personality on the levels of class and gender†. (The Fashion Plate and the Rise of Consumer Culture) This fashion had features of modern urban culture, which percolated into the contemporary fashion magazines. They focused on brightness, sophistication, metropolitan culture and commerce. There were some famous UK magazines that represented a French world of haute couture - The London and Paris Ladies’ Magazine of Fashion, Le Follet and The World of Fashion. The women’s clothing in the early nineteenth century is the reflection of their persistent watch over their own public identities, and that of other women. Because clothing and a dornment has always been a means of identifying tribe, status and awareness, it is not surprising to discover fashion emerged as a dominant force within the city. â€Å"A whole range of exciting yarns, new fashion fabrics, protective materials and engineered fabrics became widely available after 1960. New materials and fabric finishing techniques are at first exclusive and expensive. Initially, they are offered to the world of haute couture. A couple of years later they filter to the mass market†. In addition, women had more need to present themselves.... se the areas in which women can take up public residence, but, while this led to increased interaction and increased pressure for women's rights, this does not necessarily mean women were quick to accept each other or other classes.With the addition of more women to the workforce who had some degree of control over the money they earned, retailers began to recognize a tremendous new market. During the last part of the nineteenth century women were targeted for successful development of consumerism. Accordingly, pictures in fashion magazines either for advertising purposes or images were as the prototype of a show window. The models on these pictures never looked into the eyes of the reader, representing a feeling of superiority, and expressed sexuality, modesty and self-consciousness at the same time. (Brewer) Development of department stores in the 70s and 80s provided women an escape from their dull living of housewives, and in the 90s the process of shopping was "sexualized". All this was complemented throughout with various genres of advertising. These tendencies in marketing and advertising flourished in the modern world. Myra Macdonald notes in her book "Representing Women: Myths of Femininity in the Popular Media": "As evidence grew in the early decades of the twentieth century that the developing arts of retailing and advertising were attracting a predominantly female clientele, marketers and advertisers became significant definers of twentieth century women's desires and aspirations. " (p. 180) Women as potential consumers are studied now with the help of numerous market researches and surveys. The power of consumer decision-making is changing, and advertising now describes a woman as the person who decides how to spend her money on herself and her family.

Financial Control Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Financial Control - Essay Example It is mainly a measurement framework that adjoins measures that are not financial to conventional financial methods to offer a balanced feature of organizational performance. However, there has been a disbelief of this system in implementing it in small-medium manufacturing enterprise (SME). The disbelief concludes that Balanced Scorecard requires an organization with an advanced strategic planning process to realize its whole benefits. In demystifying that idea, this paper digs into the feasibility of applying the Balanced Scorecard process in the small-medium manufacturing enterprises (SMEs), its prospective benefits, the principal management process and the application of costing systems in SMEs. Introduction Businesses always establish a strategic planning that has connection with the performance of the business. This means that for a business to develop there must be growth in the planning of strategies to realize a better management system. It is at this point that essential st rategic management tools must be applied to a business (Brown, 2007, p.5). One of the tools in management processes of strategic planning is the Balanced Scorecard. However, it is important to understand that large organizations often exude a series of challenges in the application of the Balanced Scoreboard. This is because of the extensive coordination, communication and regulations operations in the organizations. The complex nature of large organizations always entangles the institutions in complex organizational operations that make it hard for the Balanced Scorecard to produce effectiveness (Biazzo & Garengo, 2012, p.40). The Application of balanced Scorecard system in SMEs SMEs always have similar objectives, missions and concerns in their operations. Primarily, the strategic management tenets of these SMEs are numerous. However, the crucial ones include the direction where the organization is headed. This is important since it challenges the SME on the achievements of the fi rm after a stipulated period of time. The other is the manager’s ability to understand business models. It is important to have a manager who is circumspect on the application of business models to maximize profits without exploiting consumers. The final one is the agility of the SME to adapt to new strategic management planning tools in the improvement of the enterprise. Lastly, an SME should be flexible to integrate fresh knowledge and skills into its strategic planning process (Blokdijk, 2008, p.10). Perspectives By digging into these issues, one realizes that there is a common goal of identifying, pursuing and achieving strategic goals and objectives. This is the recipe for the success of the SMEs’ performance and fulfilling their stakeholders’ expectations. The realization of the strategic goals is achievable by using four perspectives of the Balanced Scorecard as a component of a strategic management framework in an SME. These perspectives help the SME in viewing the organization in a broader way to execute the collection of data, analysis and development of financial metrics in the SME (Blokdijk, 2008, p.11). The first perspective is the learning and growth perspective. This perspective entails the training of employees in an organization integrated with the corporate cultural attitudes of improving oneself. It is important for the employees to acquire knowledge through training and developing of their attitude since they are the holders of knowledge in the

Claires Antiques Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Claires Antiques - Essay Example It should be noted that as the company currently has a level limited of resources, only one of these alternatives will be chosen. To aid in the decision making, this presentation will utilize a Net Present Value (NPV) analysis to the projected cash flows of both projects. Considering that cost of capital may vary from Claire's antiques expectations, we will also employ sensitivity analysis to look at the value of the two alternatives' NPVs in different cost of capital. We will further assume that the risk-based cost of capital is 10% and that the project has a tax rate is 40%. Also, the company will be using straight line depreciation method to adjust the book value of the facility. Another assumption is that, the company will be using either North or West Warehouse for five years, after which the facility will be sold in cash in its book value or salvage value. Also, this presentation assumes the depreciation expense is not yet included in the presumed annual fixed costs. NPV is used in capital budgeting to analyze the profitability of an investment or project. NPV is the difference between the present value of cash inflows and the present value of cash outflows (Net Present Value 2006). If the NPV is positive, the investment is accepted. In contrast, negative NPV means that an project is not profitable. The evaluation of the alternatives begins with the laying out of the expected cash flows. In an NPV analysis, cash outflows and inflows are further discounted to take into account the time value of money. After that, the NPVs of the two options are compared. Based on the data given by the private firm, North Warehouse will have the following cash flows for 5 years: 1. advertising expense of $140, 000 in year 0 2. sales revenue in year 1 is $650, 000 and will grow at an annual rate of 7% 3. contribution margin is 55% of the total revenue 4. annual fixed cost is $100, 000 5. $1, 500, 000 investment in facility 6. estimated salvage value of $125, 000 7. yearly depreciation of $275, 0001 Table 2 shows the discounted cash flows from the first alternative. Please note that the figures in black are inflows of cash while the figures in red indicate the opposite. Total Cash outflow and outflow for the fiscal year are discounted using the present value factor. Table 2. Cash Flows of Option 1: North Warehouse Option 1 or using the North Warehouse yields a positive NPV of $7, 181.00 utilizing a risk-adjusted cost of capital of 10%. Evaluation of Option 2: West Warehouse Based on the data given by the private firm, North Warehouse will have the following cash flows for 5 years: 1. incur an advertising expense of $150, 000 in year 0 2. sales revenue in year 1 is $900, 000 and will grow at an annual rate of 8% 3. contribution margin is 45% of the total revenue 4. annual fixed cost is $120, 000 5. $1, 700, 000 investment in facility 6. estimated salvage value of $120, 000 7. yearly depreciation of $316, 0002 Table 3 shows the cash flow/inflow of Option 2 which is the West Warehouse. Based on the cash

You may pick a good one Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

You may pick a good one - Essay Example The two cultural groups exhibits differences as described in the following paragraphs. African American has traditions, values and customs concerning death. This is drawn from the various ethnic, culture and religious backgrounds they exhibit. Some of the common practices exhibited by African Americans in their values include: African Americans also have distinct patterns of language. Some of the developed languages among the communities here include; Gullah popular with the Sea Islands and Creole common to the Louisiana. The African American culture is also associated with academic legitimate dialect due to its logical structure; however other people consider this as slang because of the poor Standard American English command (Hudgens 57). The African Americans also practice a variety of religions ranging from Protestant Christianity to Muslims. On the other hand, Hispanic Americans possess diverse cultural and custom background. They include people from Puerto Rico, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Spain, central and South America, and Mexico. Some of the common cultural values and customs they exhibit in relation to death include: Hispanic Americans are often united by language, customs, values and religion. However, an extensive diversity exists among them in their traits. Some of these values include; family commitment, belief on the child behavior reflecting the family honor, a strong system of support to the family, duty to care and hierarchical order in the family siblings (Dunn 239). Hispanic Americans are hence different from the African Americans in language, religion, customs, values and beliefs as mentioned in the

Practical Life Activities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Practical Life Activities - Essay Example The same rules stand for child development. Practical life activities provide an integrated approach towards intelligence and movement while depending on logic and will (Montessori, 108a). The very feeling of love and care becomes the guiding path in motivating the will. The result has a very fascinating with children found to be helpful while participating in lunch and snacks preparation; and also keeping themselves busy on the dining table; spreading bread and also adding a bouquet of flowers. The other type of learning that must get into the part of practical activity is that of good manners along with the movement that suits the culture and proper behavior which includes closing the doors quietly, greeting others with smile and not interrupting in a conversation. Practical activities help in developing these etiquettes in a sequence of steps thereby keeping the child aware of orderly living laced with logical activity (Montessori, 201a). The basic Reference Mo

You may pick a good one Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

You may pick a good one - Essay Example The two cultural groups exhibits differences as described in the following paragraphs. African American has traditions, values and customs concerning death. This is drawn from the various ethnic, culture and religious backgrounds they exhibit. Some of the common practices exhibited by African Americans in their values include: African Americans also have distinct patterns of language. Some of the developed languages among the communities here include; Gullah popular with the Sea Islands and Creole common to the Louisiana. The African American culture is also associated with academic legitimate dialect due to its logical structure; however other people consider this as slang because of the poor Standard American English command (Hudgens 57). The African Americans also practice a variety of religions ranging from Protestant Christianity to Muslims. On the other hand, Hispanic Americans possess diverse cultural and custom background. They include people from Puerto Rico, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Spain, central and South America, and Mexico. Some of the common cultural values and customs they exhibit in relation to death include: Hispanic Americans are often united by language, customs, values and religion. However, an extensive diversity exists among them in their traits. Some of these values include; family commitment, belief on the child behavior reflecting the family honor, a strong system of support to the family, duty to care and hierarchical order in the family siblings (Dunn 239). Hispanic Americans are hence different from the African Americans in language, religion, customs, values and beliefs as mentioned in the

Managing Change Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Managing Change - Research Paper Example This is because different employees in an organization have different perspectives and standpoints regarding the best change management strategy. They all believe their own recommendations to be the best possible strategy for the organization (Kotter, 2007). Therefore, choosing the best strategy from all the alternatives suggested can be a very difficult job. Moreover, applying change management processes in culturally diverse background become even tougher considering the fact that the acceptance, tolerance and response to change management strategies vary across different cultures (Dionne, et al., 2002). That is why managers need to have the ability to enforce change and at the same time make sure that the cultural integrity at their organization is sustained. Furthermore, change management is also required while companies consider expanding their business into unfamiliar territories (Todnem and Burnes, 2011). This is where managers have to be extremely adaptive when enforcing any form of change. Successful execution of change management strategies ensures organizational success and it requires managers to be highly aware of their operational environment (Hendry and Pettigrew, 2008). It is with regards to this fact that the researcher will attempt to understand the change management process in Burger King. The fundamental purpose of this study is to see how managers of Burger King have expanded the world’s second largest burger food service retail into the Gulf Region. The study will be conducted on the basis of two perspectives of change management which are the cultural approach to change management and the adaptation versus standardization strategy related to change management. An analysis of such scale will allow the researcher to gauge the importance of change management in the contemporary business environment. The researcher will also be evaluating the success achieved by Burger King after expanding into the Gulf Region through the change

Assignment Web or Mobile System Paper Essay Example for Free

Assignment Web or Mobile System Paper Essay Mobile applications have become essential to every business seeking to remain relevant in the face of a world filled with people who are constantly on the move. The evolution of technology and the dynamic nature of telecommunication industry has made communication become a significant part of everyones life. IPhone is the most versatile communication gadgets that have been created lately. Smartphone’s have become popular these days, and they offer fun filled entertainment. iPhones have become successful and a marvel device which changed the mobile technology with multi-touch interface with powerful features a full-featured web browser, large screen, web browser, email, voice messaging, video calling, thrilling games, beautiful look, and instant messaging. The new wave of the future in the world of technology and businesses are reaping benefits out of their iPhone applications. IPhone apps are design to enhance the experience of the users, engage the customers and build the mobile brand. There are eight generations of iPhone models and can connect too many cellular networks and has WIFI. You can play music, browse the web, shoot video, send and receive email, take photos, record notes, send texts, do mathematical calculations, GPS navigation, and receive visual voicemail. Audio conferencing, caller id, call merging, and call holding is allowed by iPhone. The media library can be sorted by artist, videos, genres, podcast, songs, albums, composers, and audiobooks. The large front on iPhone gives users room to touch their selection and to purchase and downloads songs from the iTunes store that goes directly to their iPhone. With the virtual keyboard on the touch screen and the option to predict what word is needed to be written or correction for any accidental pressing of the keys. There are corrections and spell checking, dynamic dictionary, predictive word capabilities. That learns new words. There are features to support HTML email and gives users the option  to embed photos in your email message. Mail messages can viewed on the phone in words, PowerPoint, pdf, and excel attachments. Some future changes will be the cheap onetime cost foe apps will be replaced by a subscription fee, or a recurring revenue based on usage. The customer expectation, business models and transformations have evolved with the application sophistication and customer experience grows. One of the most fun and innovative things to do is travel and now iPhone offer information about your current location with the touch of a button. The software is developed to know your travel preferences and tastes that is custom tailored to you There are apps in development to prevent texting while driving and apps that can prevent any cell phone use while the vehicle is in motion. Texting while driving has become too dangerous and too many people are having and causing accidents. There have been many deaths and serious injuries cause by texting while driving and many feel the best way to eliminate it is to an app on phones that will not allow cell phone usage while vehicles are in motion. One of the most innovative businesses and one of the most fun things we do in life is travel. With the touch of a button, information about your tastes and preferences are up to date for you. Having that sudden information will benefit you no matter where you’re traveling. IPhones have become important to its users and some could not function on a day-to-day basis without it and some would even feel lost without it. IPhones have given its customers instant access to everything from bills to banks to email to insurance policies and credit cards. The technology of iPhones have advance the way everyone from businesses to the common man or woman. The world of mobile phone technology started changing when iPhone managed to merge the power of smartphones with an attractive design, easy-to-understand and universal style that most people want from a phone. As technology advances and improves, iPhones will only improve and become more helpful. As they become more helpful, people will come to depend on them more. IPhones have been a great benefit, the distraction of all the features have become dangerous and put many at risk.

Impact of Conflict on Human Capital Development

Impact of Conflict on Human Capital Development Living Amid Conflict and its Implications to Human Capital Development By Alexander Ken P. Libranza Introduction The adverse effects of the outbreak and recurrence of conflict can be dangerous because of its long-term economic implications that may force a country into a vicious cycle of low human capital development and conflict (Kim et al, 2010). A common stand among recent literature suggests that conflict destroys the process of accumulating physical and human capital, which deteriorates the labor force and in turn affects institutional capacity (Justino, 2011; Nkurunziza, 2008; Serneels et al, 2010). Most researches on civil wars and armed conflict has been focused on the macro-level of analysis, as noted by Stewart Valpy (2001), that largely address the economic and social consequences concentrating on the prevalence of underdevelopment among conflict-affected countries. However, very few researchers talk about the micro-level impacts of conflicts on household and individual. One possible reason is the unavailability of household-level data in conflict-affected countries. Second, even wh en such data are available the reliability of the source and the sample is also being questioned. Although, empirical works are growing, the increasing micro-level researches has been greatly focused on the effects of war to household living standards and direct impacts of combats that involves narratives of individuals in conflict areas. Very limited works has addressed the long term effects of violent conflict on children and child development, most especially on the Philippine context. Drawing on a review of both theoretical and empirical literature, this paper frames the connection between armed conflict and human capital development within a conceptual framework in which the accumulation of nutrition and education and levels of human development are linked. This paper further shows that while armed conflict might be caused by many factors, low levels of human development increase the risks of conflict outbreaks and recurrence. Figure 1: Adopted from Kim Conceià §Ãƒ £o (2010), â€Å"The Economic Crisis, Violent Conflict, and Human Development† Figure 1 shows the conceptual framework of the study. This framework suggests a self-reinforcing cycle from the roots and cause of armed conflict to low human capital development, and vice versa. The decade-long armed conflict in the Philippines is a proof of this loop. Concentrated in rural areas, variations of insecurities and violence has affected communities especially children and women who are forced to suffer physical and psychological trauma as consequences from shooting, combat operations, and rights abuse. While conflict maybe caused by many factors, Risser (2007) traces its roots to the issues of poverty, economic distribution disparities, and scarcity of state social and welfare services. These becomes a problem because it limits access to health care services and basic education which is critical for the accumulation of physical, social, and human capital. The framework further notes that a country experiencing conflict cannot secure long term returns for investments in both physical and human capital, resulting in low investment in health and education which lead to low levels of human development. A country with low levels of human development has a difficulty in improving institutions which lowers productivity and potential growth. As such, lower growth rates heighten the risk of conflict, potentially trapping a country in a self-reinforcing cycle of conflict, low human development, and vice versa (Kim Conceicao, 2010). In the period of 2001-2005, IBON Foundation monitored 1,061 armed confrontations between the government forces and various armed groups and recorded 569 killing of innocent, unarmed civilians – 52 of which are minors under 18-years old, 63 women, and 199 who were killed during the crossfire. Over the last decade, millions of children were killed in armed conflicts all over the world (Machel, 1996). While others are exploited as soldiers and exposed to extreme brutality and violence (Camacho, 2003). It is estimated that 45 percent of the direct victims of armed conflict are 15 years old and younger. Moreover, there were 819 incident of human rights violations involving children from 2001 to April 2005. Children suffered effects of sexual violence, harassment and psychological trauma, intimidation, illegal detention, and exposure to hunger and disease. There were 75 cases of children who were orphaned when their parents were killed during the conflict, however this number may be underreported due to the lack of data, limited information, and unreliability of the sources. Exposure to actual combats and being caught in the crossfire of battles has left them physically disabled, emotionally scarred, and psychologically traumatized which are detrimental in accumulating the proper human and social capital to become well-adjusted and productive workers. This research relates to various fields in the literature, in particular for development economics, health and nutrition, and education. I briefly mention below the key areas in the mentioned field of study that motivates this research. First is on the established link between economic conditions and conflict. There has been a great deal of work analyzing the causal effects of conflict and war. Most of these studies extensively focused on establishing a strong link between poverty to armed conflict and violence (Justino, 2006; Justino, 2009; Miguel et al., 2004). Macro-level analysis, as noted by Stewart, F. Valpy F. (2001), has provided an insight on the economic and social consequences of conflict focusing on the prevalence of underdevelopment among conflict-affected countries. However, there has been limited number of studies focusing at the micro-level impacts of conflicts on household and individual. The increasing micro-level data has been greatly focused on the effects of war to household living standards, direct impacts of combats, and very limited on children and child development especially on the Philippine context. Second is the relationship of health to socio-economic characteristics, and its implications to consumption patterns. Serdan (2008) gave an overview of how armed conflict affects food intakes, food availability, and a clear measurement indicators of nutritional outcomes for children. In addition, Straus and Thomas (2008) noted how health and nutrition affects the accumulation of human capital, as well as its positive effects to productivity and living standards. Third is relating nutrition to academic performance. In fact, academic performance and nutrition, as important elements in the accumulation of proper human and social capital, has been the subject of the growing literature demonstrating the long term impacts of conflict to the productivity of the workforce, their well-being, as well as living standards (Thomas, 2007; Berhman et al., 2004; Malluccio et al., 2006, Serdan, 2008). Furthermore, a unanimous agreement establishes health as an important factor for determining the well-being of the population which affects schooling, income, and labor force participation (Serdan, 2008; Alderman et al., 2006; Shemyakina, 2006; Swee 2009). In all, existing researches are clear: the effects or armed conflict and violence represent a significant challenge to the health and education systems. This further qualifies both the short-term and long-term economic implications of armed conflict to the different sectors of the economy. This paper examines the possible causal effects of armed conflict and violence on health outcomes and education of children. In particular, I analyzed if the exposure to armed conflict and violence has a differential effect on the nutrition and academic performance of conflict-affected children, and comparing these results to those children from non-armed conflict areas. When it comes to peace development, this quantitative research will contribute to the lack of data around conflict-affected areas towards creating an impact assessment for conflict and post-conflict rehabilitation programs. The main issue is the gap between academic studies and practitioner works that has been due to the limited information and reliance on sources of data from mass media and humanitarian monitoring mechanism. I want to establish a closer link between academic studies and policy making in conflict-affected areas. The paper seek to assess how armed conflict and violence affect the health and education of children living in conflict areas. More specifically, this research looks into the anthropometric indicators that would suggest disruptions on the nutritional intakes, academic performance, and schooling of children. In doing so, the study evaluates the current status of health and education of children living amid conflict and violence, and compares the nutritional outcomes and academic performance of children from armed conflict areas to non-armed conflict areas. LIBRANZA | 1

Essays --

Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman shows us how one man's blind faith in a misconception of the American Dream becomes an obsession of accomplishment that destroys his life and nearly that of his family. Miller's main character Willy Loman somehow comes to believe that success always comes to those who are well liked and good looking. His downfall is that he does not equate success with hard work and perseverance. This faulty thinking keeps him from achieving his goals of wealth and status. His boys Biff and Happy are taught the same faulty values and are destined to fail as well. The devastating effects of Willy's obsession are seen throughout the family starting with Willy who begins to lose his mind and his confidence that he will someday prevail. He is torn between denial that he is ultimately a failure and desperation to succeed at any cost. In Willy's opinion a man without success is nothing. Linda, Willy's adoring wife weather's Willy's ups and downs with patience and hope that someday he will realize that he is successful. She believes that a home, a loving family, and food on the table are all anyone needs. Linda says to him "why must everybody conquer the world? You're well like and everyone loves you" (p292). She is often trying to point out his accomplishments, but, he turns a blind eye. Happy, Willy's youngest son is truly a mess. He follows in his father's footsteps into the business world, where he is admittedly unhappy, yet continues because it is what is expected of him. He, like Willy believes that success is the measure of a man. He says "I gotta show some of those pompous, self important executives over there that Hap Loman can make the grade" (p 250). We see his blind desire to succeed and know he's headin... ...g Charley, there's more of him in that front stoop than in all the sales he ever made" (p328). The final requiem of this play includes some brilliant lines. Most importantly, Linda's final words at her husband's grave; "Willy, dear I can't cry, why did you do it, I search and search and I search, and I can't understand it, Willy. I made the last payment on the house today. Today, dear, and there'll be nobody home. We're free and clear. We're free...We're free..." (p329). Linda knew all along what was important, and now Willy has died before ever realizing how much success he really had; a true friend in Charley, and the love of his wife and sons. His home, paid for and fixed up with his own two hands. If anything can be learned from the life of Willy Loman, it is that sometimes what we wish for is not what we need, and by striving blindly we might miss what we have.

Krishna :: Religion Religious Hinduism Essays

Krishna Krishna, revered as a glorious manifestation of the Supreme (Vishnu). He is often picture as drawing humans to the Divine by the power of love, symbolized by the lure of his flute. (Living Religions, 14th edit; p. 93) The textbook, The Humanities by Witt, Brown, Dunbar, Tirro and Witt, states that Krishna is the ninth and most recognizable incarnation of Vishnu. People of compare the relationship between Vishnu and Krishna to the Christian belief of God and Jesus. In the eighteenth book of the Mahabharata, The Bhagavad-Gita (â€Å"Song of the Supreme Exalted One†), Krishna appears as the charioteer of Arjuna. (Living Religions, 14th edit; p. 93) In the Bhagavad-Gita, Arjuna is going to fight in a battle that places him in the position of fighting his own people. Arjuna then turns to Krishna for guidance. In the Bhagavad-Gita Krishna is a wise teacher, as well as Arjuna charioteer. In R. Zaehner translation of the Bhagavad-Gita, Krishna in response to Arjuna plight says: â€Å"Never was there a time when I was not, nor you, nor yet these princes, nor will there ever be a time when we shall cease to be – all of us hereafter. Just as in this body the embodied [self] must pass through childhood, youth, and old age, so too [at death] will it assume another body: in this a thoughtful man is not perplexed. But contacts with the objects of sense give rise to heat and cold, pleasure and pain: they come and go, impermanent. Put up with them, Arjuna†¦.† Arjuna is told to withdraw his attention from the impetuous demands of senses, ignoring all feelings of attraction or aversion. This will give him a steady, peaceful mind. He is instructed to offer devotional service and to perform the prescribed Vedic sacrifices, but for the sake of discipline, duty, and example alone rather than reward. Krishna says those who do everything for love of the Supreme transcend the notion of duty. Everything they do is offered to the Supreme. Thus they feel peace, freedom from earthly entanglements, and unassailable happiness. This yogic science of transcend the â€Å"lower self† by the â€Å"higher self† is so ancient that Krishna says it was originally given to the sun god and, through his agents, to humans.

L3 HSC Technical Certificate Essay

1. Identify the different reasons why people communicate (1.1.1) People communicate to build relationships, convey their needs to one another, share their ideas, express their feelings and socialise in pairs or larger groups. 2. Explain how communication affects relationships in an adult social care setting (1.1.2) As an adult care worker, communication is vital to meet the needs and requirements of the service user. If good communication is not formed, then the health and safety of the service user is at risk. Communication also forms trust, not only between the service user but also my fellow care worker/s. Communications between staff allow a good handover to take place between shifts and by using a communications book, any issues of health & safety can be discussed without all staff members being present. Read more: Reasons why people communicate  essay 3. Compare ways to establish the communication and language needs, wishes and preferences of an individual (2.2.1) In many cases, just by talking in English to the individual, communication can be established to determine their wishes, needs & preferences. If this is not possible, the individual should have a care/support plan or notes; this will hopefully outline any special communication needs that individual may require. For example: a person who is either deaf or of impaired hearing, may need to be spoken to louder and clearer whilst your lips are in full view for them to read, alternatively hand gestures or sign language may be required. I fully understand though that in some cases it may be impossible for me to communicate between the service user and that I may need assistance. 4. Describe the factors to consider when promoting effective communication (2.2.2) There are a number of factors that need to be considered to promote effective communication: Verbal Communication; not everyone speaks my native tongue and therefore may not have my vocabulary and I may need to communicate with individuals that have learning difficulties; I therefore  have to consider this when communicating and be sure not to use words that could be difficult to understand. I must also be considerate enough to not sound patronising to adults by speaking to slowly and to use the correct tone and pitch in my voice. Non-Verbal Communication; non-verbal communication is said to account for up to 93% of all daily communication, this leaves only 7% for words. This clearly shows that non-verbal communication is very important to get right. Examples are; eyes, by talking to someone and (mostly) maintaining eye-contact conveys your intent of care and interest in that persons words and also affirms a solid foundation for trust. Body language can be communicated either consciously or non-consciously and can greatly affect the message or information to be shared between one or many people. There are times in my role when a simple hand on the shoulder has been enough to reassure that person that they are being listened to and understood. Writing a note or using an object can also help with establishing effective communication in a non-verbal way 5. Describe a range of communication methods and styles to meet individual needs (2.2.3) We have the use of our five senses to communicate and receive information with: Visual – seeing Auditory – hearing Olfactory – smelling Kinaesthetic – feeling Gustatory – tasting 6. Explain why it is important to respond to an individual’s reactions when communicating (2.2.4) Once communication is established, the dialogue of that conversation is usually determined by either signs of non-verbal or verbal reactions; it is essential that these are responded to in a correct and timely manner, or the risk of miscommunication is increased and the original intention or needs (which triggered the communication) may be lost and could potentially be dangerous to the health and safety of the individual, yourself or others around you. 7. Explain how individuals from different backgrounds may use, or interpret communication methods in different ways (3.3.1) Communication methods can  vary between people from different backgrounds and it can, in some instances, be very hard to avoid misunderstandings. There are beliefs and opinions that need to be respected and understood, whether they are from a religious or cultural viewpoint – these factors can greatly affect the effectiveness of the communication between them. Some individuals may be used to very strong non-verbal communication by way of e.g. hand gestures, as opposed to another who may be distracted and feel threatened by such means. Personality has a big influence on the method of someone’s communication, it is up to both individuals to adapt to each other in order to share information correctly. 8. Identify barriers to effective communication (3.3.2) As previously mentioned, Religion and cultural belief can be a barrier between two parties willing to communicate, there is also: Prejudice; in those beliefs, some of which you may not share but mustn’t let that be a prejudgement before communication. Different or strong accent; If you don’t understand what is being said to you (or what you are telling), it is imperative that you do not be embarrassed (or offended) in asking for the information to be repeated. Health & (or) mental issues; e.g. Aspergers, the individual may lack the necessary non-verbal communication skills and will therefore will require patience on your part. Noise; your hearing may be better than theirs and is not affected by any background noise such as a television. Specialist communication methods; Do you have the necessary skills for effective communication e.g. sign language? Sensory impairment; Is the individual deaf, blind or both? Emotions; Is this person too stressed to discuss something that is important? 9. Explain how to overcome barriers to communication (3.3.3) It is part of our job to identify these barriers and open up a good line of effective communication that serves the best interests of the service user. We can also call upon the services of others to aid in the communication e.g. an Interpreter. There is also much research I can do which may include speaking to the family or professionals that are already familiar with that individual and may offer valuable information on how best to communicate. We  can also use communication strategies and personal support plans as well as educating ourselves through training to gain new skills. 10. Describe strategies that can be used to clarify misunderstandings (3.3.4) Should a misunderstanding occur, I should not give up, but attempt to rectify it and ensure that the individual does understand, this can be done by e.g. Giving that person some time to calm down and then later on communicate it in a different or easier way, being careful to explain it fully and simpler. 11. Explain how to access extra support or services to enable individuals to communicate effectively (3.3.5) There will be times when extra support is needed because you either lack the necessary skills or you cannot communicate or provide the information directly to the individual that serves them in the best possible way. There are many specialist organisations for a whole host of needs and requirements. You should, if asked, obtain this information for use by either yourself or the service user and make it easily accessible. 12. Explain the meaning of the term ‘confidentiality’ (4.4.1) Confidentiality is a set of rules built upon trust to abide by pertaining to the wishes and needs of others under your care. The information must be kept private with restrictions in place when required. 13. Describe ways to maintain confidentiality in day-to-day communication (4.4.2) ‘Confidentiality’ can be maintained by remaining aware and conscious of the information you share or discuss. Examples of this are: Information should only be discussed with the permission of the individual and not spoken about out of work, especially social media platforms e.g. Facebook. Any documentation needs to be filed securely and inaccessible to others. Your voice should be kept to a minimum when discussing (with permission) in a public environment (e.g. Hospital) the information of a service user to another person. 14. Describe the potential tension between maintaining an individual’s confidentiality and disclosing concerns to agreed others (4.4.3) In my role as a support worker I may encounter a situation where the matter of confidentiality has to be weighed up against the welfare of the individual in question. In these instances confidentiality has to be broken to meet my obligations and duty of care in reporting to the correct and relevant authorities e.g. safeguarding; this has the potential for tension but for the greater good, must be adhered to. 15. Explain how and when to seek advice about confidentiality (4.4.4) I can seek advice through my peers, management personnel or a professional advice line and this must always be done as soon as possible to ensure the immediate safety of the service user. Once you have completed, your Learning Advisor will be able to cross reference all knowledge into Unit 4222-301 of the diploma

An analysis of Laurence Sterne’s The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman Essay

In this essay my aim is to demonstrate how the author parodies the different narrative techniques, how he uses the â€Å"time-shift† device, how he introduces the relationship between the narrator and the reader, how he addresses the reader and how he makes use of the â€Å"hobby-horses†. For an introduction I would like to mention some aspects of the novel and its reception. Sterne is best known for his novel The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman, for which he became famous not only in England, but throughout Europe as well. Sterne wrote Tristram Shandy between 1759 and 1767. It was published in nine volumes, the first two appearing in 1760, and seven others following over the next ten years. According to a literary webpage it was not always thought as a masterpiece by other writers such as Samuel Johnson who said in a critique from 1776 that â€Å"nothing odd will do long. Tristram Shandy did not last†; but in opposition to that European critics such as Voltaire and later Goethe praised the book, â€Å"clearly superior†. (www.sparknotes.com/lit/sterne). â€Å"The novel may have been for Sterne and his contemporaries an excitingly new form, but Sterne manages to bring home to the reader what a novel could not do as well as what it could†. (Ricks,15). According to Andrew Sanders this novel is: †¦Ã¢â‚¬  the one that is freest of insistent linearity, the one that makes the most daring bid to escape from the models established by the epic or by history. It glances back to the anecdotal learning of Burton’s The Anatomy of Melancholy, to the bawdy ebullience of Rabelais, and to the experimental games of Swift and the Scriblerians, but it is ultimately an unprecedented, and still unrivalled, experiment with form†. (Sanders, 317). In this novel, Sterne broadens the possibilities of the novel form, and yet †¦Ã¢â‚¬ unlike most novels, it is concerned explicitly with reminding us that there are things which you cannot expect a novel to do. The greatness of Sterne is that, with humour, and sensitivity, he insists all the time that novels cannot save us†. (Ricks, 13) To begin my analysis, first I would like to look at how Sterne parodies the different narrative techniques. According to Jeffrey Williams the novel demonstrates an extraordinary form in novelistic sense due to the fact that the narrative of Tristram’s autobiography and the history of the Shandy family are incomplete and intermitted. The arrangement of the plot is quite exceptional concerning the conventional plot forms because it is disorganised and has a non- linear schema. (Williams, 1032) An essayist, namely Viktor Shklovsky, gives the answer to that unique form that â€Å"†¦the disorder is intentional; the work possesses its own poetics†. (Shklovsky, 66) Following the previous statement from Jeffrey Williams, the narrated events are often interrupted by Tristram who calls for the importance of narration. He explains that Tristram Shandy is an embedded narration, which means that the interrupted parts and comments make a linear narrative. The main character is the narrator, Tristram Shandy, who tries to acquire the best he can when recounting the history of the Shandy family from 1695 till 1711. (Williams, 1033) As Shklovsky puts it, â€Å"Tristram Shandy is the most typical of novels because it so overtly inscribes its own narrative, its own act of narrating†. (Shklovsky, 66). To continue with this theme, the time of narrating is worth mentioning. In an essay by Jeffrey Williams, Genette Gà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½rard distinguishes four types of narration according to temporal position and places this novel into the simultaneous form, meaning narrative in the present contemporaneous with the action. (Williams, 1036) From this explanation it turns out that Tristram Shandy, as part of Tristram’s autobiography, is a narration in the past. The other basic device Sterne uses is the â€Å"time-shift† technique â€Å"which brakes whatever action may seem to be developing† (Shklovsky, 67) To illustrate what Shklovsky means by the â€Å"time-shift† device, he takes an example from the book. In the first volume, Sterne tells us about the interruption of a sexual act (in which Tristram was begot) by Mrs Shandy’s question. The anecdote is figured out as the following: â€Å"Tristram’s father sleeps with his wife only on the first Sunday of each month; the same evening he winds up the clock in order to get â€Å"out of the way at one time all family concernments, and be no more plagued and pestered with them the rest of the month†. As a conclusion, an irresistible association of ideas became established in his wife’s mind; as soon as she heard the clock being wound up, a totally different matter came to her mind, and the other way around. That is the reason for her question, â⠂¬Å"Pray, my dear, [†¦]have you not forgot to wind up the clock?† (Shklovsky, 67; also qtd by TS., 35) and the interruption of Tristram’s father’s activity.†. (Shklovsky, 67). He pointed out in his essay that this anecdote is presented into the book through different steps. The initial step is the comment about the irresponsibility of parents, then the mother’s question without a reason for its significance. The reader may think that the question interrupted what the father was saying but this is only Sterne’s trick which aims at our misconception: â€Å"- Did ever woman, since the creation of the world, interrupt a man with such a silly question?† (T.S.; 36 also qtd. by Shklovsky). This device determines the novel from the beginning. Shklovsky states that Sterne mentions the purpose only after the actions, which is his constant device. Following the â€Å"time-shift technique†, another device Shklovsky presents is the usage of sewing together the novel from different short stories. â€Å"Sterne seems to manipulate and expose the novel’s very structure: formal devices and structural relations made perceptible by violating their ordinary employment, which make up the very content of the novel. Sterne permitted actions to take place simultaneously, but he â€Å"parodied† the development of the subplot and the intrusion into it of new material.† The description of Tristram Shandy’s birth is the material developed in the first part, occupying many pages, almost none of which are devoted to the account of the birth itself. What is developed, in the main, is the hero’s conversation with Uncle Toby.† (Shklovsky, 68-69) ____† I wonder what’s all that noise, and running backwards and forwards for, above stairs, quoth my father, addressing himself, after an hour and a half’s silence, to my uncle Toby, ___ who you must know, was sitting on the opposite side of the fire, smoking his social pipe all the time, in mute contemplation of a new pair of black-push-breeches which he had got on;___ What can they be doing, brother?____ quoth my father, we can scarce hear ourselves talk. I think, replied my uncle Toby, taking his pipe from his mouth, and striking the head of it two or three times upon the nail of his left thumb, as he began his sentence,____ I think, says he: ____ But to enter rightly into my uncle Toby’s sentiments upon this matter, you must be made to enter a little into his character, the outlines of which I shall just give you, and then the dialogue between him and my father will go on as well again.† (TS., 87; also qtd. by Shklovsky, 69) As the former example demonstrates, the technique of intrusion is used by Sterne constantly, and it is obvious in his funny remembrance of Uncle Toby. â€Å"He not only recognizes the hyperbolic elaborations of his development, but plays with that development. This method is for Sterne the canon.† (Shklovsky, 70). The next topic relating to the novel is how the relationship of the narrator and the reader is presented. For this matter, I will use an Internet source, namely an essay by Aimed Ben-hellal. According to Aimed Ben-hellal, in the beginning of the novel Tristram Shandy declares that â€Å"Writing, when properly managed, (as you may be sure I think mine is) is but a different name for a conversation (†¦)† (T.S., 127, also qtd. by Ben-hellal). This statement will determine his writing all the way through the book. Tristram’s speech defines the continuous dialogue between narrator and reader. In the above example the reader is addressed in an informal and communicative way. Tristram tries to lure the reader from the beginning of the novel and tries to get as much of his attention as he can, which means that the reader is â€Å"brought on the stage to become the true character of the book† (Ben-hellal, 1). In the opening chapter of the book, Tristram addresses the reader as the following: â€Å"___ Believe me good folks, this is not so inconsiderable a thing as many of you may think it (†¦)† (T.S, 36, also qtd. by Ben-hellal). In this quotation, the narrator attempts to catch the attention of his reader to point out his understanding of the sad circumstances of his destiny. The hero’s life and his adventures are presented to the reader in order to get to know him. The narrator manages to establish the first contact. â€Å"The appellation â€Å"good folks† is usually indicative of the distance which initially separates the actor from his spectators. (Ben-hellal, 2). Three chapters later this distance lessens: â€Å"I know there are readers in the world, as well as many other good people in it, who are readers at all, __ who find themselves ill at ease, unless they are let into the whole secret from first to last, of every thing which concerns you†. ( T.S, 37, also qtd. by Ben-hellal, 2). Ben-hellal states that Tristram invites different kinds of people, occasional readers or literature addicts to try to deal with the unfolding of the narrative. â€Å"Tristram’s story begins ab Ovo (â€Å"from the egg†), in defiance of the Homeric epic tradition that begins stories in the middle of things and then allows the background to unfold along with the action. The alternative, seemingly, would be to begin with the beginning; Tristram takes the possibility to an almost ludicrous extreme by beginning from his conception rather than his birth†. (www.sparknotes.com/lit/sterne) Tristram tries to select the kind of readers that will best understand him due to the fact that †¦Ã¢â‚¬ a novel crucially depends on a reader†. (Ben-hellal, 2) The following quotation clearly illustrates that: â€Å"To such readers, however, as do not choose to go so far back into these things, I can give no better advice, than that they skip over the remaining part of this Chapter; for I declare before hand, ’tis wrote only for the curious and the inquisitive.† (T.S, 38; also qtd. by Ben-hellal,2) As Ben-hellal pointed out in chapter six, volume one, the narrator and a reader become much closer to one another. In the novel this intimacy referred to as â€Å"you†, â€Å"Sir†, or â€Å"my dear friend and companion†. The personal pronouns, â€Å"I†, and â€Å"you†, emphasize the informality of the conversation. â€Å"As you proceed further with me, the slight acquaintance which is now beginning betwixt us, will grow into familiarity; and that, unless one of us is in fault, will terminate in friendship.(†¦) then nothing which has touched me will be thought trifling in its nature, or tedious in its telling† (T.S, 41, also qtd. by Ben-hellal, 3). This chapter turns out to be the beginning of intimacy and sociability. The narrator’s main concern is to be friendly with the reader, and to sympathise with the unfortunate hero. (Ben-hellal, 3) â€Å"Tristram’s frequent addresses to the reader draw us into the novel. From Tristram’s perspective, we are asked to be open-minded, and to follow his lead in an experimental kind of literary adventure. The gap between Tristram -the- author and Sterne-the-author, however, invites us not only to participate with Tristram, but also to assess his character and his narrative.† (www.sparknotes.com/lit/sterne) A quotation quoted by Ben-hellal illustrates the number and frequency of apostrophes, which indicates that Tristram’s relationship with his readership become quite intimate. † Tristram addresses the reader approximately three hundred and fifty times during the course of the book as ‘My Lord’, ‘Jenny’, ‘Madam’, ‘your worship’, ‘Julia’, ‘your reverences’, ‘gentry’,(†¦). It is as though the reader has invaded the book and Tristam’s confidence in a single statement rest on determining the unknown readership†. (Ben-hellal,3) â€Å"This considered, we might safely infer that the concept of readership is significantly manipulated in Tristram Shandy†. Tristram’s behaviour differs according to changes in the identity of his imaginary reader. From chapter six on, the type of reader identities becomes wider and more varied. ( Ben-hellal, 3). The following passage will best illustrate how the narrator addresses the reader: â€Å"Your son! __ your dear son, ___ from whose sweet temper you have so much to expect. ___Your Billy, Sir! ___ would you, for the world, have called him Judas? ___ Would you, my dear Sir, he would say, laying his hand upon your breast, with the genteelest address (†¦) ___Would you, Sir, if a Jew of a godfather had proposed the name for your child, and offered you his purse along with it, would you have consented to such a desecration of him?† (TS, 78; also qtd. By Ben-hellal, 4). â€Å"Pleading in favour of his father’s theory about the influence of names on the destiny of new-born children, Tristram addresses the reader in the liveliest manner. Exclamation and question marks punctuate the whole passage to convey an impression of lively exchanges. As he tries to demonstrate the validity of Walter Shandy’s viewpoint, Tristram humorously implicates the reader and the reader’s son â€Å"Billy†. To make his point the narrator stages a tailor-made reader (and his son), for the space of a single representation and asks him if he would have accepted to christen his hypothetical son with the name of Judas† (Ben-hellal, 4). The most comical dialogues in the novel are when the imaginary female reader is addressed by Tristram. â€Å"___How could you, Madam, be so inattentive in reading the last chapter? I told you in it, That my mother was not a papist. ___ Papist! You told me no such thing, Sir. Madam, I beg leave to repeat it over again, That I told you as plain, at least, as words, by direct inference, could tell you such a thing. ___ Then, Sir, I must have miss’d a page.___ No Madam, __ you have not miss’d a word. Then I was asleep, Sir.__ My pride, Madam, cannot allow you that refuge.___ Then I declare, I know nothing about the matter.___ That, Madam, is the very fault I lay to your charge; and as a punishment for it, I do insist upon it, that you immediately turn back, that is, as soon as you get to the next full stop, and read the whole chapter over again† (TS, 82; also qtd. By Ben-hellal, 4). According to Ben-hellal, the female reader is introduced because the narrator wants to discipline her and the reason lies in the act of reading. Punctuation is again present, showing the concept of conversation. Reading through the quotation, Tristram resembles as an authoritarian narrator, who instructs the Madam what to do and how to do things. The narrator accuses her of not reading attentively. (Ben Hellal, 5) In Chapter twenty, Tristram says: â€Å"I wish the male-reader has not passed by many a one, as quaint and curious as this one, in which the female-reader has been detected. I wish it may have its effects; __ and that all good people, both male and female, from her example, may be thought to think as well as read.† (TS, 84) In the above quotation, the narrator tries to highlight the importance of thinking and reading. He points out the example of the Madam to others, in order to learn from it. The last topic I would like to touch upon is how the reader is associated with the idea of the â€Å"hobby-horse†. â€Å"There is nothing inherently sinister about these hobby-horses; most people have them, and Tristram confesses readily to having a few of his own†. (www.sparknotes.com/lit/sterne) In an article about the idea of the hobby-horse, the writer, namely Helen Ostovich, deals with the reader-relationship between the narrator and a female reader, Madam. Tristram usually treats Sir ___ his male reader ___with casual indifference, and showers his mighty or fashionable readers , whether secular or clerical __ your worships and your reverences __ with genial contempt. He lumps the male readers together with other good, unlearned folks in his conception of the collective reader as recalcitrant hobby-horse†. (Ostovich, 156) The female reader represents a special kind of hobby-horse to Tristram. Madam is in comparison with the Spanish horse, Rosinante. â€Å"She is, like Rosinante, ‘the HERO’s horse †¦ a horse of chaste deportment, which may have given grounds for a contrary opinion (†¦) __ And let me tell you, Madam, there is a great deal of very good chastity in the world, in behalf of which you could not say more of your life†. (TS, 47-48; also qtd. by Ostovich, 156) According to Ostovich, this quotation suggests that the horse’s physical appearance and the rider’s imagination are related. â€Å"Man and hobby-horse are, in Tristram’s opinion, are similar to body and soul: â€Å"long journeys and much friction† create electric charges between the two that redefine both, so that ultimately â€Å"a clear description of the nature of the one †¦ may form a pretty exact notion of the genius and character of the other†. (T.S, 99; also qtd. by Ostovich, 156) By getting on a horse and riding it well means a good experience. This happens in the case of the writer; if he writes with pleasure, the reader will bear him so the experience provides its own answers. (Ostovich, 156) To conclude my analysis of Tristram Shandy, one can say that this novel is not a conventional one due to its most noticeable characteristics; its time-scheme and its discursive style. Works Cited 1. Ostovich, Helen. â€Å"Reader as Hobby-Horse in Tristram Shandy.† In: New, Melvyn, ed. Tristram Shandy. (Contemporary Critical Essays). London: Macmillan Education Ltd, 1992. 2. Sanders, Andrew. The Short Oxford History of English Literature. Oxford: Oxford UP Second Ed., 1994. pp. 317-318. 3. Shklovsky, Viktor. â€Å"A Parodying Novel: Sterne’s Tristram Shandy.† In: O Teorii Prozy. Moscow, 1929. 4. Sterne, Laurence. The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman. London: Penguin Group., 1967. 5. Williams, Jeffrey. â€Å"Narrative of Narrative.† (Tristram Shandy). Modern Language Notes. 105(1990): pp. 1032 – 1045. 6. www.sparknotes.com/lit/sterne 7. www.univ-mlv.fr/bibliotheque/presses/travaux/travaux2/benhellal.htm

Regional Coordination for Tourism Planning Research Paper

Regional Coordination for Tourism Planning - Research Paper Example The growing global concern about environment has contributed to the concept of sustainable ‘ecotourism’ from which some regions like Maldives, Kenya and Belize have taken advantage by maintaining their natural resources to target tourism market (Moutinho 2000). This paper in particular, will discuss the point that regional coordination is essential in tourism planning in order to attain the policy objectives at their anticipated levels. To illustrate, a plan that aims tourism development of a particular region has to be comprised of socio-economic, legal, environmental, and religious components. As the initial stages of development, the tourism policy must focus on providing adequate facilities to accommodate and entertain the visitors. Moreover such places must be equipped with all basic facilities like water, telephone, banking; currency exchange etc. transport is another important area which needs special attention. All modes of transportations whether air, water or road have their own roles in the sustainability of tourism industry. All the above factors can be assimilated only through the coordination of local governments, stakeholders, and the residents of the locality. Tourism planning is neither top-down nor bottom-up process; instead, it is an interactive or collaborative approach that involves the various processes like governess between organisations and stakeholders, and interaction between various levels of organisation (Bramwell & Lane 2000, p.146). However, what kind of development plan is required depends on the geographical feature of an area. In general sense, developmental initiatives and strategic concerns come within the following areas. Environmental issues have grown to be one of the major concerns of tourism planning all over the world. Hence, all policies including infrastructure developmental strategies should ensure the conservation of the environment